时间：2021年11月10日（周三）下午16:00-17:00

Time：16:00-17:00 PM, Wednesday, November 10, 2021

地点：西湖大学云栖校区3号楼312

Venue:312, Building 3, Yunqi Campus

主持人：西湖大学生命科学学院讲席教授施一公

Host:Chair Professor Yigong Shi, School of Life Sciences

主讲人/Speaker：

韩斌院士，1985年毕业于安徽师范大学，获学士学位；1988年毕业于广西农学院，获硕士学位；1992年毕业于英国John Innes Centre, The Sainsbury Laboratory，获博士学位；1992-1998年在英国剑桥大学植物科学系开展博士后研究；1998年至今，任中国科学院国家基因研究中心研究员、主任；2002-2011年任中科院上海生科院植生生态所副所长（其间：2008-2011年任中科院北京基因组研究所副所长）；2011-2014年任中科院上海生科院副院长；2014-2019年任中科院上海生科院副院长、植生生态所所长，2019年至今，担任中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心主任。2013年当选为中国科学院院士，2014年当选发展中国家科学院院士。2011-2019年，任英国John Innes Centre科学与影响力顾问委员会委员。目前兼任中国遗传学会副理事长、Mol Plant共同主编等学术职务。

主要从事水稻基因组学和遗传学研究，在水稻基因组精确测序、水稻复杂性状的全基因组关联分析、栽培稻的起源驯化和水稻杂种优势分子遗传机制研究上，取得了一系列重要突破性成果：（1）在国际上率先完成水稻第四号染色体精确测序，揭示了水稻基因组组成、基因结构和排布规律，并首次解析高等植物的着丝粒序列结构；（2）开发了基于高通量基因组测序的高效基因组分型和水稻转录组研究技术，并建立了水稻复杂性状全基因组关联分析的技术体系；（3）通过构建野生稻-栽培稻基因组变异图谱，阐明了栽培稻的驯化和起源的群体遗传变异，揭示了水稻起源于中国珠江流域；（4）利用基因组学和群体遗传学分析手段，阐明了水稻杂种优势的分子遗传机理；（5）开展了水稻泛基因组研究，鉴定了水稻基因组变异的规律。作为通讯作者，已在Nature、Nat Genet、Nat Commun、Nat Plants、Genome Res、Mol Plant、Plant Cell、Annu Rev Plant Biol等国际学术期刊发表论文70余篇。获国家自然科学奖二等奖（排名第一）、一等奖（排名第二）和上海市科学技术进步奖一等奖各一项。

主持科技部973、863课题，基金委基础科学中心、中科院战略先导专项等国家重要科研任务。2003年获国家杰出青年基金资助，2016年获国家高层次人才特殊支持计划，还获得中国科学院杰出科技成就奖（突出贡献者）、求是杰出科技成就集体奖、第一届全国创新争先奖、中国科学院“优秀研究生导师”奖、CSPB杰出成就奖等。

报告题目/Title:

Quantitative genomics studies on rice complex traits and heterosis讲座摘要/Abstract:

摘要/Abstract:

Large-scale resequencing has been undertaken to identify allelic variants in rice. Most of agronomic traits, which are called complex traits, are usually controlled by multiple genes and affected by various environmental conditions. Although a lot of quantitative trait locus (QTL) and genes related to rice complex traits have been cloned and functionally characterized, genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms underlying these complex traits are still unclear. Unlocking genetic diversity of Oryza species will provide insights into genomics of rice complex traits and rice breeding. We have implemented an integrated approach of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and phenomics with functional analysis to catch up agronomic trait genes or QTLs in a diverse cultivated rice population. This approach informs that the associated loci with the agronomic traits such as panicle length, grain sizes, grain weight and grain filling rate can be further characterized through expressional profiling, in-depth genome analysis, transgenic study, genome editing, and population genetic analysis. Allelic genetic variations responsible for complex traits can be effectively explored.

Exploitation of heterosis is one of the most important applications of genetics in agriculture. However, the genetic mechanisms of heterosis are only partly understood, and a global view of heterosis from a representative number of hybrid combinations is lacking. We have developed an integrated genomic and forward genetic approach to construct a genome map for elite hybrid rice varieties and their inbred parental lines. We identified that the accumulation of numerous rare superior alleles with positive dominance is an important contributor to the heterotic phenomena. The large data of genomics and phenomics from the well-designed populations enabled us, for the first time, to identify the genetic contributors and find out the exact causes of heterosis using “a composite interval-mapping method”. For the individual yield components, the heterozygous state of the heterosis-related genes generally acted through the way of dominance complementation. These results inform on the genomic architecture of heterosis for yield traits in rice, which will be useful information for crop improvement program.

讲座联系人/Contact:

科技合作部 sci-tech02@westlake.edu.cn